WHO convened emergency meeting on Nov 22 to tackle escalating Mpox threat
WHO (The World Health Organization ) hold an emergency meeting on November 22 to address the increasing spread of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox). This decision reflects growing concerns over new outbreaks and the challenges of containing the viral disease. The meeting aims to assess the current situation, evaluate response strategies, and strengthen global coordination.
Mpox, caused by the monkeypox virus, spreads via close contact with infected individuals, bodily fluids, lesions, respiratory particles, or contaminated objects. It can also transmit from animals like squirrels and monkeys in African tropical regions. Symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that can lead to scarring. Since May 2022, global outbreaks have primarily involved human-to-human transmission.
https://www.who.int/health-topics/mpox#tab=tab_1
Current State of Mpox
Mpoxis a zoonotic disease initially linked to animal-to-human transmission in African regions. However, human-to-human transmission has become the primary driver of recent outbreaks globally. Transmission occurs through direct contact with bodily fluids, lesions, respiratory droplets, or contaminated objects.Since May 2022, mpox has spread to countries without prior history of the disease, marking a significant public health challenge.
https://www.who.int/news/item/19-11-2024-who-adds-lc16m8-mpox-vaccine-to-emergency-use-listing
Escalating Cases and Emerging Challenges
Uganda has recorded over 300 confirmed cases and one death, with the virus spreading across 11 districts. The DRC faces a surge due to the Clade Ib strain, which has expanded to neighboring countries. Meanwhile, sporadic cases continue to be reported in regions like Europe, North America, and parts of Asia, underscoring the virus’s global threat.
The challenges in containing mpox include insufficient vaccination coverage, limited access to diagnostic tools, and misinformation. Vulnerable populations, including immune compromised individuals, are particularly at risk, further complicating response efforts.
Objectives of the WHO Emergency Meeting
The emergency meeting on November 22 will focus on:
Global Surveillance: Enhancing the capacity to track and report mpox cases in real-time to identify hotspots and emerging trends.
Vaccination Strategy: Reviewing vaccine availability, distribution, and prioritization to ensure equitable access.
Diagnostics and Treatment: Expanding access to diagnostic tools and updating clinical guidelines for effective management.
Public Awareness: Addressing misinformation and promoting accurate knowledge about mpox transmission and prevention.
Collaboration: Strengthening international partnerships to pool resources and expertise for coordinated action.
The mpox outbreak serves as a stark reminder of the need for preparedness against emerging health crises. With coordinated efforts and timely interventions, the WHO aims to mitigate the impact of mpox and safeguard global health. The world will be closely watching the outcomes of the November 22 meeting, hoping for decisive measures to contain this escalating threat.
Is there a vaccine available?
Vaccines like JYNNEOS (Imvanex/Imvamune) and ACAM2000 are available for mpox prevention. JYNNEOS is preferred for its safety, especially for healthcare workers, close contacts, and high-risk groups like men who have sex with men. Vaccines are used for both post-exposure prophylaxis and pre-exposure in high-risk populations.
How can governments enhance surveillance systems to detect mpox cases early?
Governments can enhance mpox surveillance by integrating real-time reporting systems, increasing laboratory capacity for accurate testing, and training healthcare workers to recognize symptoms early. Leveraging digital tools, such as AI-driven data analysis and contact tracing apps, improves outbreak tracking. Public awareness campaigns encourage timely reporting and prevent underdiagnosis.
What role do public health policies play in containing the current mpox situation?
Public health policies are critical for containing mpox by guiding vaccination strategies, enhancing surveillance, and ensuring rapid response to outbreaks. They promote public awareness, allocate resources to high-risk areas, and regulate international collaboration. Effective policies also address disparities in healthcare access, fostering equitable prevention and treatment measures.
How to prevent mpox transmission in hospitals?
- Patient Isolation
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Hand Hygiene
- Environmental Cleaning
- Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
